chkconfig详解
用户自定义的服务要添加到开机启动:
1)/etc/rc.local
开机时,最后会找到这个文件中写入的每行内容,执行
2)/etc/init.d/
开机时,会根据系统配置,到这个目录中,找到对应的服务
例如:nginx这个服务的控制脚本(官方有提供,也可以自己编写),放在这个位置:
/etc/init.d/nginx
可以先查看是否已经将nginx这个服务加入开机启动
chkconfig --list |grep nginx
可以管理开机启动(添加/删除)
chkconfig nginx on
chkconfig nginx off
可以管理服务:
service nginx start
3)你可以把自己写的脚本丢到/etc/init.d/下面作为服务控制,但要注意最前面要指定chkconfig的服务级别
例如,/etc/init.d/nginx这脚本中:
#!/bin/sh # # nginx Startup script for nginx # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # description: nginx is an HTTP and reverse proxy server # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nginx # Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network # Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop nginx ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions if [ -L $0 ]; then initscript=`/bin/readlink -f $0` else initscript=$0 fi sysconfig=`/bin/basename $initscript` if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig ]; then . /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig fi nginx=${NGINX-/usr/sbin/nginx} prog=`/bin/basename $nginx` conffile=${CONFFILE-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/nginx} pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/nginx.pid} SLEEPMSEC=${SLEEPMSEC-200000} UPGRADEWAITLOOPS=${UPGRADEWAITLOOPS-5} RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} ${nginx} -c ${conffile} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } upgrade() { oldbinpidfile=${pidfile}.oldbin configtest -q || return echo -n $"Starting new master $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -USR2 echo for i in `/usr/bin/seq $UPGRADEWAITLOOPS`; do /bin/usleep $SLEEPMSEC if [ -f ${oldbinpidfile} -a -f ${pidfile} ]; then echo -n $"Graceful shutdown of old $prog: " killproc -p ${oldbinpidfile} ${prog} -QUIT RETVAL=$? echo return fi done echo $"Upgrade failed!" RETVAL=1 } configtest() { if [ "$#" -ne 0 ] ; then case "$1" in -q) FLAG=$1 ;; *) ;; esac shift fi ${nginx} -t -c ${conffile} $FLAG RETVAL=$? return $RETVAL } rh_status() { status -p ${pidfile} -b ${nginx} ${nginx} } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0 start ;; stop) stop ;; status) rh_status RETVAL=$? ;; restart) configtest -q || exit $RETVAL stop start ;; upgrade) rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0 upgrade ;; condrestart|try-restart) if rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1; then stop start fi ;; force-reload|reload) reload ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|upgrade|reload|status|help|configtest}" RETVAL=2 esac exit $RETVAL
最前面我们定义了:
# chkconfig: - 85 15
- : 表示启动级别1-5,默认都是off,可以用具体的数字来指定,例如:345
85 15 : 表示启动和关闭系统时该服务的优先级
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
'.'是source类似于程序中的include和require,将functions里面的方法全部倒入到这边,这边程序便可以使用,例如这边用到的daemon、status
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
network实际上就几行,如下
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=E10162
将他们作为变量赋值,判断网卡是否启动,如果你的nginx不走网卡,其实网络这段可以去掉.
最后daemon便是实现漂亮的【 OK 】的函数.
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